The And Its Effect On Human Life - 921 Words

With recent advances organ transplants have advances dew hope for the treatment of kidney, Liver diseases. However, this promise has been accompanied by several issues. The most common issue has raised its ethical implications in the culture like Muslim world, because in 1983, the Muslim Religious Council disallowed organ donations by supporters of Islam, but it has overturned its position, as long the donor s consent in writing before death.. Transplanted Islam powerfully believes in the principle of saving human life. Still, some concern needs to be addressed as attitude towards and accepting of organ donors. Caries donation varies according to social, culture and religion and the diverse culture. The Muslim religion, the traditional concept is very important to organ donors, transplanted instantly. Islam powerfully believes in the principle of saving human life. It is permitted must be to transplant an organ from a dead individual to a living person whose time or basic vital fun ction rest on on that organ, subject to the condition that consent be given by the deceased before their passing. (2010/10/20) Various schools of Islamic Law have invoked the belief that it is an urgency to save lives and have allowed organ transplant as a way to attain that principle. The purpose of this article is to briefly explore the ethical issue involved in organ donation it is the hoped that this knowledge and understanding may benefit both health care provider and the patient in theShow MoreRelatedMusic And Its Effect On Human Life894 Words   |  4 PagesSince always, music has been an important aspect in human culture because it has many applications and uses in human life. It is consider that music plays an important role to human beings, and it is reflect in many different ways. In medicine, music takes a significant part because it can be used to improve human health and life quality; for example, music can helps to reduce stress, cure illness, or produce happiness. Also, it is known that music can have great impact during pregnancy, or it canRead MoreThe Effects Of Fracking On The Human Life1 436 Words   |  6 PagesConclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.8 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..9 Introduction Industries related to the energy have been making efforts to revive the energy sites which have yet not been explored for the benefit of the human life. Fracking started in 1949 in the United States and with due course of time it has increased by thousands of times tan its starting point. These sites are related to the oil and gas industries which are expanding at a rapid pace with the inventionRead MoreThe Effects Of Cloning On Human Life1808 Words   |  8 PagesWeston Erbert Mrs. McEwen English 12 11 February 2016 The Effects of Cloning Cloning. The very word instills feelings of excitement, hope, possibilities and a montage of futuristic images of test tubes and beakers and DNA ladders spinning through space. But the word also conjures anxiety, fear and internal struggle over right and wrong, good vs. evil, science vs. religion. The cloning of vital organs or cells to cure diseases could potentially save the lives of millions of people around the worldRead MoreEffect of Technology on Human Life3204 Words   |  13 PagesHAS TECHNOLOGY DELIVERED ON ITS PROMISE OF HUMAN BETTERMENT? PRESENTED TO DR. KRISTEN DOMIKE BY IMAOBONG UMOESSIEN 114279 ON 20 NOVEMBER 2012 UPEI ABSTRACT The purpose of this research was to understand and answer the question â€Å"Has Technology Delivered On Its Promise Of Human Betterment?†. To do so, we searched for the effects of medical technology on humans, using articles from the textbook and internet, the summary of lectures undergone over the semester and personal experience. Using ideasRead MoreGmos And Its Effects On Human Life Essay1952 Words   |  8 PagesGMOs are something that has caused a lot of controversy over the past couple of years. GMOs are corrupting our everyday life. They are in things such as our food, our crops and our livestock. GMOs are not safe. There have been many studies where GMOs are linked to causing organ damage, immune system disorders, infertility, cancer and many other physical health and mental health issues. What should we know about GMOs? GMOs are genetically modified organisms that are made by using DNA methods of geneRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of The Internet On Human Life761 Wor ds   |  4 Pages Effects of The Internet on Human Life The Internet is a technology that has negative impacts on our daily lives. It has changed aspects of our life for the last 50 years, and it has demonstrated the considerable influence on people’s lives. Almost 3.2 billion people in the world use the internet. The Internet has gained acceptance across the globe, and it has also become a reason behind the critical changes in the modern society. Some of the changes are social isolation, health disorder, lack ofRead MoreEffects Of Electromagnetic Radiation On Human Life853 Words   |  4 Pagesyears, due to technology advances human life are subjected to high level of Electromagnetic emission, Effects of the Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) on the humans health is one most significant concern in the world. The present paper recognize of the possible health hazard on the humanity by exposure of Electromagnetic radiations (EMR). Potential of electromagnetic radiation can radiate through transmission lines which are very close to human’s life. The effects of the radiations are classifiedRead MoreThe Effects Of Contaminated Water On Human Life869 Words   |  4 PagesResearchers have been studying the causes and effects of contaminated water on human life. Water is to be considered a major and important resource on the planet, but it can also be a major health risk towards human life especially on young children. Young children are more vulnerable to diseases because their immune systems are experiencing everything for the first time. These health risks can include diarrhea, dental fluorosis, or toxicant. Diarrhea can be life threatening due to fluid loss. In 1998,Read MoreThe Derogatory Effects Of Pride On Human Life1047 Words   |  5 PagesThe derogatory effects of pride on human life is an idea that runs through William Shakespeare’s play Julius Caesar. Caesar himself is consumed by pride, and the way that others treat him only reinforces his idea that his is the strongest man in the world, and certainly the only man fit to lead Rome. Caesar’s ambition, which was caused by his pride, convinces Brutus that, despite his love for Caesar, Caesar would only hurt Rome, and therefore must die. More than that, however, Caesar’s pride directlyRead MoreVideo Games And Its Effects On Human Life2473 Words   |  10 Pagesan integral part of our life and culture. But as the gaps of reality and gaming experience dwindle, this raises a question of whether video games, like films and music, could really be used as a valuable medium for educational purposes or is it really just the digital menace which po tentially turns players into ferocious zombies. While the debate gets intensified, it has already been scientifically approved that video games do impose several psychological effects on human. Game consoles are

The Leader Of The People By John Steinbeck - 953 Words

Isolated Generation In the short story â€Å"The Leader of the People† John Steinbeck writes about a young boy named Jody, who lives on an isolated ranch with his parents and a hired worker. Jody’s parents are stern with him and give him orders to take care of the ranch, but Jody wants to explore the world and live like a normal child. After Jody finds out his grandfather is visiting, he is happy and wants to hear about the adventurous stories his grandfather tells about the Great Plains. When Grandfather’s tales create a controversy, he tells Jody how the ocean is the end of discovery. In â€Å"The Leader of the People† Steinbeck uses the ranch, ocean, and Grandfather to symbolically develop the conflict between past and present. Steinbeck uses the ranch to symbolize isolation from the outside world. Since the ranch is secluded away from other human activity, the family rarely leaves the ridge top. Steinbeck gives characterization to the animals to demons trate how isolated the ranch is; for example, the cat walks in the direction of the road, but â€Å"gallop[s] back again† (1) and does not try to leave. When Jody’s father comes home, the dog â€Å"look[s] up the hill toward the cleft in the ridge† (2) and stares at the road. Like the animals, Jody feels isolated because his parents teach him only about responsibilities he has to uphold for the benefit of the ranch. Since Jody is taught to work hard, he does not get the chance to be around other children. Although Jody does not have a lot ofShow MoreRelated Character Analysis of The Moon is Down by John Steinbeck Essays974 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of The Moon is Down by John Steinbeck â€Å"Apart from Mayor Orden, the characters in â€Å"The Moon Is Down† remain two dimensional† John Steinbeck’s â€Å"The Moon Is Down† is a novel about human relationships, the relationships between a small town and its invaders, the relationships between town officials and the towns-people, and the relationships between the members of the invading army. Although it is a short novel Steinbeck has made a few strong and well-defined characters in theseRead More Character Development in John Steinbecks Cannery Row Essay750 Words   |  3 PagesCharacter Development in John Steinbecks Cannery Row Maybe its more important to be appreciated than to be wealthy. Cannery Row by John Steinbeck (1945) is one of the most unique of all of the Nobel Prize winning novels. Cannery Row is set in a very poor area of California known as Monterey. It is a small port town south of San Francisco. The time era is post Depression and World War II. The novel is about how lower class people with warm hearts have the ability to create their own heavenRead MoreUnmasking Capitalism in Steinbeck ´s The Grapes of Wrath997 Words   |  4 Pagesdollars, depriving the people who actually need the help and money. The greed that Sabaratnam had was partly caused by the profit seeking capitalist system. The desire for wealth in capitalist society leads to corruption and causes a divide between the rich and the poor, so perhaps a system that supports equality and fairness is a better choice. The Eastern-European expression,â€Å"Capitalism is man exploiting man; communism is just the opposite,† summarizes one of the main ideas in John Steinbeck’s The GrapesRead MoreOf Mice and Men Argumentative Essay1115 Words   |  5 PagesEssay Prompt: John Steinbeck’s novel, Of Mice and Men, has a controversial history. It has been repeatedly banned by school boards. Why might this book have been banned? Is such an action justified? In a five-paragraph essay, take a position for or against banning this novel. Use your three body paragraphs to develop each of three reasons for or against banning the novel. The Lost Portion of Human Society Right from the beginning of human civilization, books had become the vital flame that ignitedRead MoreWhat Do You Learn About Steinbeck‚Äà ´s View of Human Nature from Reading His Novel ‚Äà ²of Mice and Men‚Äà ´1242 Words   |  5 PagesThis essay is about how John Steinbeck represents human nature and the nice and unfavourable qualities people had during the American depression in the 1930s where the story ‘Of Mice and Men’ took place. The story shows the way different people will react diversely to various situations. In this case, living with the trouble of having to travel to faraway places to search for jobs. It shows how some people can behave overly difficult while others can be calm, friendly and easy to live with. The manyRead MoreThe Grapes Of Wrath By John Steinbeck1189 Words   |  5 Pagesafter being released John Steinbeck’s book â€Å"The Grapes of Wrath† was banned because many critics viewed the novel as promoting communist propaganda, or socialist ideas. The ideas that many of these critics point to is Steinbeck’s depiction of the Big Banks/ Businesses as monsters, the comparison of Government camps to a utopia in contrast of the makeshift â€Å"Hoovervilles,† and the theme of the community before the individual, In his novel â€Å"The Grapes of Wrath† John Steinbeck uses the struggle of migrantsRead MoreJohn Steinbeck s The Great Depression1405 Words   |  6 PagesThe historical masterpiece written by John Steinbeck portrays a story about a humble family who are forced to find jobs during the time of the Great depression. The characters are hopeful, as they pray for a pray for a brighter future. Steinbeck tries to demonstrate the strength of unity, and that working together will triumph anything that is done individually. Rather than sticking to their own beliefs, the characters are modeled by their environment. They have no choice but to seek help to beRe ad MoreLennie and George in John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men Essay1010 Words   |  5 Pages John Steinbeck wrote the play Of Mice and Men in 1937 (Steinbeck). It is a play about two ranch workers who do not have the best of luck. The two workers were named George and Lennie. George was a more small bodied man. His partner Lennie was a giant among average sized people. They are on the road going place to place working numerous jobs. Lennie has a learning disability. The two work hand and hand. George is there to keep Lennie out of trouble. Lennie in a way helps keep George together. SometimesRead MoreEnglish Essay- Explore the Ways in Which John Steinbeck Presents Power in the Fight Scene.884 Words   |  4 Pagesways in which John Steinbeck presents power in the fight scene. The 1930’s was hard time for most people who lost their money in the Wall Street crash. John Steinbeck tries to portray how tough life was back then in his novel mice and men. Mice and men also portray how power was abused and the way that it was used in the 1930’s. In the fight scene power is portrayed in many different ways physical power, financial power, collective power, emotional blackmail, status power and people who are disempoweredRead MoreThe Grapes Of Wrath By John Steinbeck1563 Words   |  7 Pages John Steinbeck’s novel, The Grapes of Wrath, depicts a migrant farming family in the 1930s. During this time, life revolved around the Great Depression and the Dust Bowl, making circumstances difficult for almost everyone involved, especially those who had little. This time of drought and despair caused people to lose hope in everything they’ve ever known, even themselves, but those who did not, put their hope in the â€Å"promised land† of California. Here, the grass was thought to be truly greener

Fully explore the writers use of irony in the gift of the magi and the necklace. for each story identify the type(s) of irony free essay sample

Write a seven (7) page research essay on any of the following topics. 1. â€Å"Vanity of vanities all is vanity.† This sage observation from King Solomon highlights the pitfalls of materialism and the negative consequences of human ambition. Using â€Å"The Necklace† and â€Å"How Much Land does a Man Need?† discuss the pitfalls of materialism and covetousness. For each story: (a) Compare and contrast the major characters. Focus on their attitudes, outlook on life and the motivation for their actions. (b) Discuss the impact that the attitudes, worldview and motivation have (c) Highlight the lessons taught about covetousness and materialism 2. Choose ANY TWO short stories studied on the course and discuss setting and its impact on the stories. For each: (a) Fully describe the setting (b) Comment on how setting defines aspects of the character (characters are products of their environment) (c) Discuss the impact setting has on the action (setting propels action and thought) (d) Show how setting contributes to or facilitates the development of the conflict. We will write a custom essay sample on Fully explore the writers use of irony in the gift of the magi and the necklace. for each story identify the type(s) of irony or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In essence, discuss how setting shapes the plot (e) Consider whether or not the work have been different had there been a change of the setting (think about mood- atmosphere created and the emotional impact that setting has- does it facilitate reflection or introspection among other things) 3. The theme of initiation is a common theme of adolescent literature. Choose two short stories and for each: (a) Outline the nature of the initiation that takes place (b) Describe the impact of the initiation on the protagonist (c) Consider whether or not the initiation results in a â€Å"successful incorporation of the antagonist into the adult world†. (d) Say what opportunities for self- evaluation these short stories provide for you and adolescents who will interact with them in the classroom. 4. Fully explore the writers’ use of irony in â€Å"The Gift of the Magi† and â€Å"The Necklace.† For each story : (a) Identify the type(s) of irony (b) Explain how the irony is created (c) Fully discuss the impact of the use of irony on plot and theme. GUIDELINES 1. All essays must be written in continuous prose. 2. The essay must show evidence of research and a careful consideration of the arguments put forward by scholars. 3. The essay must be documented according to the guidelines of the Modern Languages Association. 4. Essays are due on November 27, 2013.

Rupert McCall Essays - Poetic Rhythm, Rhyme, Poetic Form

Rupert McCall Jason McCall, more communally known as Rupert McCall has been called the modern day banjo Patterson and Henry Lawson. He has the ability to express his emotions though his poetry with a warm and compelling simplicity. He has the ability to combine passion with humor in his poetry which captures the hearts of all true Australian's, from school kids to sports fans and blue-collar workers to businessmen. When reading Rupert's poetry it's easy to get caught up in the emotion, patriotism and true aussie pride that he has of this beautiful country that exists in his poetry. Rupert McCall is a 26-year-old solicitor who has put his legal career on hold to peruse his number one passion - poetry and creative writing. He went on a tour of the 163 world hotspots as part of his research and mental preparation for his third book entitled "Green and Gold Malaria" which has already sold 60000 copies. Rupert has also produced a CD, which has nearly reached gold status. The image that comes across in his poetry is one of a "True Blue Aussie". He writes about things in a way that only a true Aussie would understand. His poetry is on topics such as cricket, AFL and proud Australian moments such as the Australian Rugby team winning the World Cup. If an immigrant from Italy was to read Ruperts poetry, they would not appreciate it. Because he writes about Australian issues that only true Australians would understand. So they would think that he has a screw loose or something. The three poems featured in this anthology are "Green and Gold Malaria", "The Tubby Little Trooper" and "A Land of Backyard Cricket". Green and Gold Malaria tells a story of an Australian man who comes home from overseas and goes to the doctor to get the verdict on an allergy he gets when he's witnessing Australians who have done heroic things in there field of expertise. Whether it be the Anzacs in the Anzac day parade or Border making a gutsy ton. The doctor then goes on to tell him that there is no cure for it because it's just "Good Old Aussie Pride". If an immigrant from East Timor was to read this poem they would not understand The message in this poem is that Australians are proud of this beautiful country and the people who live in it and represent it. Throughout this poem there have been three types of poetic devices used. Alliterations have been used in the lines "And Matilda sends me waltzing with a billy-boiling shiver" Billy-boiling being the alliteration. Another one appears in the line "`From the beaches here in Queensland to the sweeping shores of Broome" sweeping shores being the alliteration this time. The last alliteration in this poem appears in the line "The medical profession call it ?green and gold malaria' ". Green and Gold being the alliteration. Another poetic device used in this poem is a personification that appears in the line "Well, the Doctor scratched his melon with a rather worried look". The poet using melon as a symbol for the doctors head. The rhyme scheme used in this poem is AABB. ?The Tubby Little Trooper' tells a story of David Boon arguably Australia's bravest cricketer ever to take the field. The poem is written from a teammates point of view who compares the battles he had on the field to war. I think the purpose of this poem is to reflect to the readers the guts and the determination of this great man has to win. There are several poetic devices used in this poem they are a metaphor, in the line " he is good old fashioned guts. There are quite a few alliterations in this poem. The lines " we are standing sure and strong", "This tubby little trooper make his stand", "and I shiver Green and Gold" and "without a word to say" all have at least 2 words starting with the same letter in close proximity to each other. There are two onomatopoeia's used in this poem they are located in the lines"missiles fly and bullets rattle" rattle being the noise bullets make when shot out of a gun. And the other being in the line "when his crashing bat salutes the roaring crowd" There is two onomatopoeia's in this line they are crashing being the noise of bat hitting ball and roaring symbolizing the noise the crowd makes. The rhyme scheme used in ?The Tubby Little Trooper' is AABAAB. This

Packaging design course Stuart Werle essay

Packaging design course Stuart Werle essay Packaging design course Stuart Werle essay Packaging design course Stuart Werle essayThe OCAD University is located in Toronto. Many art students want to study at the OCAD University. The Art Education Practice program in Humber College offers me a chance to attend one of the classes in OCAD of an Art educator, who teaches art at the OCAD University. Packing Design is a course that combines marketing and art. This course is about how to design or help to create a brand with the help of visual art to make the brand successful and very interesting. Mr. Stuart teaches the packaging design course. He has designed many drinks packaging and has forty years experience in packaging design. Stuart Werle is a successful packaging designer and art educator as well.The physical space setting of the classroom is useful. The most important thing is the design of the classroom that makes me think of art. The classroom is bright even without the light. Two big-sized triangle tables are in the middle of the room. They allow students to gather and communicate in the center area. There are three huge windows on the left side, blackboard next beside the platform, and projector sets on the right wall. In addition, the three-windows on the left wall caught my attention, when I entered the classroom for the first time, because the windows were painted by different colors, such as yellow, red, and green. When one gets closer to the window, the viewer or student can browse the view of CN tower clearly. Additionally, the back door and front door were painted by green color. Thus, the physical space was successful due to the colors used within the classroom. The decoration and design of the classroom contribute to the student’s inspiration, ideas and learning.The limitation of the space is the projector on the right wall, because the triangle table sets in the center of the classroom and chairs were surrounded by the table. Therefore, student, who face the windows can watch the PowerPoint harder, than students, who face th e projector directly and watch the PowerPoint clearly.Stuart Werle always has a lecture or discussion of the assignment with PowerPoint. If I can do any change, I would rearrange the setting of the classroom. I would move the projector to the front, so that everyone can watch the PowerPoint clearly. Overall, the setting and design of the classroom is perfect for art students. The small size of the room (compared with Lecture class) makes the educator closer to discuss and communicate with student. During the lecture, Stuart loves to use gestures to make his presentation more interesting. This kind of teaching method is a good way to get closer to student. In addition, I agree, when he says â€Å"who supports the brand, we support the brand, and the packaging designer supports the brand†.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In conclusion, the day of observation of the art educator is the best lesson for me. I have learned what packaging design is and I have understood how art can relate to business. While observing other schools’ learning format and school designs, I was inspired by the idea of creating my micro-presentation for the next project.

Why Bloggers Should Care About Audience Fragmentation

Why Bloggers Should Care About Audience Fragmentation Media and audience fragmentation has been a source of worry for television and traditional media. There was a time when everyone in the nation sat down to watch the same shows at the same time. But now,  instead of a few television networks with a handful of programs that large swaths of the country would be watching together, there are now hundreds and hundreds of television channels and programs. And lets not forget that streaming services like Hulu or Netflix. The audience is now fragmented. Were not all on the same page, consuming the same content, understanding the same references. Theres more choice, and sub-groups are created based on their preferred choices. There is no longer one huge audience. There are many, many audiences.Audience fragmentation is generally heralded as a Bad Thing for traditional media. Is it bad for content marketing, too? Audience Fragmentation And Blogging When blogging started back in the mid-1990s, it was a bit like early television. There were a few blogs, and most tended to cover broad this is my life topics. There werent too many niche blogs (though there were a few). WordPress arrived on the scene in 2003, along with something else that changed the direction of blogging: AdSense. With the arrival of AdSense came the opportunity to make money through blogging instead of just using it to share an online journal.  By 2005, there were 32 million Americans reading blogs,  meta blogs (blogs that talked about blogging) were exploding in popularity, and people began to focus more keenly on how to make money blogging. By 2010, there were 152 million blogs. The ability to make money off of a blog necessarily led to niche blogs. After all, you could make more money through a tightly focused audience than a broad, general one with waxing and waning interest. Niche blogs, like cable networks and streaming video, led to fragmentation in blog readers.  Blog readers learned they could look for specific content that they had an interest in. Most werent reading general or personality-based blogs that didnt at least have an identifiable niche topic. Dont Panic About Audience Fragmentation Media analyst and blogger  David Brennan has a  less negative take  on audience fragmentation for traditional media. While Brennan acknowledges that there is no longer a few huge audience groups consuming the same media, he argues that fragmentation has allowed people who normally wouldnt watch television to start watching. Using two specific examples of people who might not have watched much television before, he concludes   that this particular audience has a passion which fragmentation-era broadcast TV can now satisfy; which has quietly resulted in significantly increased hours of viewing from the most unlikely audiences. In other words, audience fragmentation shattered the big generic audiences, but also brought in new media consumers who werent part of any audience at all. It helped  grow  media consumers.  Big general audiences tend to exclude the fringe audiences. Once fragmented, those fragments found each other, and the fringe audiences had a place to go. Instead of one way to reach one audience, there are now many ways to reach many audiences. If you wanted to, you could look at it as a sum zero game.

Anti-Terrorism bill 2000. A necessary evil Dissertation

Anti-Terrorism bill 2000. A necessary evil - Dissertation Example rights activists who claim that the implementation of terror laws have failed to prevent extremism, instead have led to the establishment of theoretical and political movements, that claim these terror laws unfairly target the Islamic community. 1 There are also claims that the legislations have isolated the UK Islamic community from the general civic community, giving rise to an atmosphere of ager, mistrust, and hatred. The British coalition government has recently underlined the failure of ‘multiculturalism’ and brought forth the necessities of creating an ‘active muscular liberalism’ which would identify the root causes of extremist ideologies.2 (PM’s speech at Munich Security Conference, 2011). Furthermore, in the 2010 review of terror related legislations and strategies, UK government proposed exploration of wider strategies for countering terrorism acts, known as CONTEST. The main idea underlining CONTEST is to alleviate the contingencies that m ay arise within UK from terrorism at a global level. This strategy is based on four main ideas, which are Prevention of terror acts; Pursue, that aims at blocking all kinds of terrorist attacks; Protection, to fortify the existing counter-terrorism systems against future terrorist attacks; and Preparation for terrorist attacks by assuaging its effect on the people (HM Government, Prevent Strategy, 2011). The critics feel that the various counter-terrorism strategies and policies implemented in UK, has created a lack of trust between the Muslims, and the UK law enforcement agencies. 1.1 Background history The history of terror and counter-terrorism strategies to repress the terror acts were started as early as 1790s, when the French revolution and the associated acts of violence and radicalism created a panic in... The paper tells that the history of terror and counter-terrorism strategies to repress the terror acts were started as early as 1790s, when the French revolution and the associated acts of violence and radicalism created a panic in UK that such acts of ‘subversion’ would take place in Britain, against the ruler classes. This prompted the adoption of various stringent measures by British Parliament and executive, against ‘sedition’, and a large number of the sanctioned civil liberties, won over through many years of strong activism, were removed due to pressure from various arenas. Thus, it was the first instance in UK where were many of the sanctioned civil liberties were cut short to abort acts of terror. However, UK used its special powers related to emergencies, primarily in the various colonial (occupied) territories, where during revolts against imposed British rule by the native residents, the ruling UK authorities often suspended all common legislativ e provisions and the rule of emergency declared. Such emergencies would include detention in prisons without any trial, suspension of habeas corpus, and formation of military tribunals, and the regulating standards of the British common law were sidestepped during these times. Emergency powers were also widely in vogue during the two Great Wars, where the executive of the erstwhile UK government were given widespread powers to detain people involved or even suspected of being involved in activities related to helping the enemy, and various measures were taken to protect national security.

Work Based Learning in the Creative and Cultural Industries Assignment

Work Based Learning in the Creative and Cultural Industries - Assignment Example As the paper declares the concept of the employer caring for the employee through symbolic means is not only cultural significant because of the interactions that take place on several levels. More importantly, there is an association with the cultural expectations that come into the work organization. From the report findings mass culture is developed through commercialization and the expectations that are a part of the culture that is created. From the mass culture, there is a development of specific attitudes and understandings that relate to the overall values of society. The idea of culture is one that is not only based on movements and expressions, but instead is significant of different industries and the commercialization that is included in culture. It is not only the cultural expectations that have developed the responses to the swine flu and the organizational environment that responds to this. The knowledge that is depicted with the swine flu, health issues and expectations from the work place come specifically from the media and the regulations that are a part of this. When the media presents specific information to the public, it is required to first find imperative information that makes a difference in the knowledge that the mass culture is given. The impact that th is has is one that directly affects the mass public and can create controversy as well as alternative expectations that can be held in different arenas of life.

Kate Chopin Essay Example for Free

Kate Chopin Essay Who comes to mind when the term â€Å"American author† is mentioned? A lot of female authors of today would say Kate Chopin, one of the most independent writers of the nineteenth century. Although Kate Chopin didn’t live to see her work re-published, she is an important author to study because her stories are influential, her ambition arouses her readers, and her point of view supports independent women. Unlike most of the women during her time period, Chopin didn’t agree on letting the men be in control. After a couple of her stories were published in Vogue Magazine, like â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† and â€Å"A Pair of Silk Stockings†, people began to start liking Chopin’s short stories (Powell). Vogue had even quoted how they â€Å"admired her brains and beauty† (Powell). It wasn’t until Chopin decided to give more of her belief of independence and write her first novel â€Å"The Awakening† for people of that time to start disliking her. Publishers cited what they considered â€Å"promotion of female self-assertion and sexual liberation† (Chopin, Kate Introduction). Libraries banned Chopin and her friends shunned her as her reputation started to fall. Kate Chopin may influence women today, but during her social period she wasn’t looked upon by many. Born into a prominent St. Louis family, Chopin was influenced by her mother and great-grandmother after the death of her father. Her family descended from French-Creole pioneers and that also influenced her to be involved with music, school, and arts (Kate Chopin: The Awakening, The Storm, Stories, Biography). Chopin graduated from a convent school at age seventeen (Kate Chopin). In 1870 she married Oscar Chopin, who was also Creole descent, and they had six children. His death in 1883 was when Kate Chopin decided to become more serious about writing (Kate Chopin). She sold all the land her and her husband owned and moved back to St. Louis with her mother. Family friends who found her letters entertaining encouraged her to â€Å"write professionally† (Chopin, Kate Introduction). Chopin started writing short stories and eventually began having her stories published in periodicals. Popular American periodicals published Kate Chopin, such as America, Vogue, and the Atlantic (Powell). Her collections â€Å"Bayou Folk† and â€Å"A Night in Acadie† made her reputation grow as an important colorist at the time (Chopin, Kate – Introduction). Chopin started writing about her husband’s death and her response to it. After trying to publish â€Å"The Awakening† she was immediately rejected because during the time it wasn’t appropriate. The novel subjected as female sexuality and adultery (Chopin, Kate – Introduction). Her reputation declined greatly after that and Chopin wanted to give up on writing all together. Now that all her work is republished, people find it very inspiring, especially women. Critics today say that â€Å"her work is focused on the pioneering use of psychological realism, symbolic imagery, and sensual themes† (Chopin, Kate Introduction). A large amount of female writers today are encouraged by Chopin’s short stories, novels, and essays. One of Kate Chopin’s most famous short stories is â€Å"The Story of an Hour†. The main character, Mrs. Mallard finds out her husband just died. She didn’t hear the bad news the same as most widows would have. Finally she could do what she wanted without anyone else telling her what to do, is the way she saw it. She was still young with a pretty face and she wanted to show it off. She kept whispering â€Å"free, body and soul free† (Kate Chopin: A Re-Awakening). Mrs. Mallard started planning the days ahead of her. All of those days would be her own days to live by. As she opened the door to jump straight to all her new opportunities, there stood Mr. Mallard. Mrs. Mallard fell over, when the doctor came he said she had died of a heart disease. She enjoyed feeling independent and it when she found out it could no longer be she collapsed. Although â€Å"The Story of an Hour† didn’t have a happily ever after ending, Kate Chopin showed her true meaning of the short story by using symbolism, comparison, and assertiveness (Chopin, Kate – Introduction). When Mr. Mallard died it was symbolic for Oscar Chopin, and how Kate herself felt as a woman afterwards. After the death, the story describes Mrs. Mallard looking out the window and everything looks like there’s more freedom, which is also symbolic for herself having more freedom without her husband telling her what to do. Chopin uses comparison in her stories to show her readers what she’s been through and prove independence is important. In â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, not only did the author’s and Mrs. Mallard’s husbands die, but they have the same attitude about the situation (Kate Chopin: A Re-Awakening). Chopin uses comparison with the character and herself to show what she really means and make it easier to describe the theme. Kate Chopin is most known for her assertiveness in this particular story and without it she may not be as well known today. She spoke her feelings and true meanings through this action and that’s what led her to be so independent. Chopin knew people would frown upon this quality, but it was honesty. During the time Kate Chopin tried publishing her work, the morals were different than they are now. Her stories, to a lot of people, are very influential. Commentators have noted that â€Å"her influence on later feminist writing and consider her a major American short story writer† (Chopin, Kate Introduction). Her work encourages people to stand up for what they believe in, regardless of what people think of them for doing so. Also to let her readers feel freedom and that everyone is equal. A handful of her short stories have the same plot and story, but they all have different meanings in which influence writers today to strive for what they believe in. After â€Å"The Awakening†, people believed that it aroused the readers. Chopin didn’t intentionally want for this to happen, but she wasn’t like most women of that time. Short story after short story, her work became more visual and exciting. Of course during her time no one liked it, but now the excitement in her stories makes one of the most important qualities. At the time, it was different from anything anyone has ever read. A woman’s freedom, which so many people took the wrong way, was a huge difference and conflict at the time (Chopin, Kate – Introduction). Many say she â€Å"broke a new ground of literature† (Powell). It’s Chopin’s inspiring excitement that arouses her readers and makes them want to come back for more. Most of what has been written about Kate Chopin is feminist in nature or is focused on women’s positions in society (Powell). The late 19th century, no women were independent. Kate Chopin took a stand and that’s all she wrote about. After her husband’s death, she feels like she has more freedom and independence. Someone not telling her what to do all the time; what she’s been wanting so badly. Her work helps women recognize the consequences of action, and helps them find individual freedom (Kate Chopin: The Awakening, The Storm, Stories, Biography). Female writers look up to her greatly because of how she was able to take a stand and speak her mind, without caring what people thought of her. She was one of the first women in her century to write outspoken fiction literature, revolting against tradition and authority (Chopin, Kate – Introduction). Chopin’s highly respected as a writer through the understanding of all the complications to get her word out for woman independence (Powell). Through her influential stories, ambition, and support of independent women, she became an inspiring American author. It may’ve took society half a century to grasp what Kate Chopin accomplished, but now she is finally known as a strong independent woman, and that’s all she wanted to be known for.

A Problem-Based Approach to Teaching about Pollution Essay example --

A Problem-Based Approach to Teaching about Pollution Science is a very important subject for students to study in middle school. It is â€Å"More than a body of knowledge or a set of answers, science is a way of thinking about the world† (Beamon 20). Science forces students to think critically about ethical issues, such as pollution. This is often difficult for students because they must make the jump from the narrow parameters of their own lives to the issues that affect many people living on this planet. In studying pollution, students must come to realize that even throwing garbage on the ground and not recycling will in some way affect many of the living things in the ecosystem. The feeling commonly described by students by the words â€Å"I hate science† is often the result of science frustrating them. One reason why students might feel this way is that there are two types of sciences. One is â€Å"school science†, which has in many cases become a listing of facts and definitions, and the other is â€Å"real science†, which is what scientists practice. Maybe the students spend too much time on â€Å"school science† and do not make the connection between what is learned in science class and the world around them. The teacher’s job is not only to make the science material manageable for the students to learn, but it is also to show the students how science applies to everyone and everything. Using the problem-based learning approach is a great way for a teacher to combine these two sciences (Uyeda et al. 24). It is the key that a teacher uses to open the door to the minds of students who need to know how what they are learning applies to the real world. Problem-based learning as an instructional model is associated with the new... ... Works Cited Beamon, Glenda W. â€Å"Guiding the Inquiry of Young Adolescent Minds.† Middle School Journal. 33.3 (Jan. 2002): 19-27. Goodnough, Karen Ph.D. â€Å"Preparing pre-service science teachers: Can problem-based learning help?† 22 April 2003. EBSCOHOST. The College of New Jersey Lib. 05 Feb. 2005. Kim, Younghoon, et al. â€Å"Science teachers’ perspectives of web-enhanced problem-based learning environment: A qualitative inquiry.† 23 April 2003. EBSCOHOST. The College of New Jersey Lib. 05 Feb. 2005. Problem-Based Learning. 04 March 2003. Center for Educational Technologies at Wheeling Jesuit University. 05 Feb. 2005. . Uyeda, Steve, et al. â€Å"Solving Authentic Science Problems: Problem based learning connects science to the world beyond school.† Science Teacher. 69.1 (Jan. 2002): 24-29.

Fast food †Obesity Essay

Obesity is an epidemic that is sweeping over the United States today. It’s affecting both adults and children. With the increase in fast food availability and a decrease in the time most Americans have to prepare nutritious meals at home, it’s obvious why more people are eating at fast food restaurants. Obesity is a growing problem in the United States and more and more children are being affected. But do uneducated families have the right to put the blame on fast food restaurants for the health issues they could easily prevent? I believe that we are taking it too far by blaming fast food restaurants for obesity and that it is an individual’s responsibility to take the blame. While R. A. Ames â€Å"The Food Isn’t to Blame† and Richard Daynard â€Å"You Want Fries with That? † use different themes of blaming fast companies and individual decisions to underscore the effects of fast of food on America, the Rahul K. Parikh in â€Å"Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of Fats Kid† picks up the same theme, he blames advertisements for America’s Obesity. In the article, â€Å"Fast Food Isn’t to Blame? † R. A. Ames states that weight difficulties are the responsibility of the individuals and we should not blame the fast food industry or other biological and environmental causes. Human beings are individuals with the freedom to make their own choices. Nobody forces us to eat anything we do not want to. Choosing to eat fast food is all our own decision, and we put ourselves at risk for obesity. Obesity due to excessive consumption of fast food can only be blamed on our own actions. Fast food chains appear everywhere in today’s world. Home delivery of various foods is more accessible than ever before. These are common excuses when overweight people blame fast food industries for their bodies. Before reading these essays, I already had an opinion about fast food in my mind. I believed that if someone was overweight or obese, that it was no one’s fault but their own. In his essay, however â€Å"You Want Fries with That? † Richard Daynard explained why he believes that today’s fast food industry is largely responsible for the dramatic rise in obesity cases in both children and adults of America. Daynard discussed how the fast food industries played a large role in deceiving the public into buying their food. Daynard said that society needs to find a happy medium when dealing with the fast food industry, whether it be through lawsuits or some other action! Daynard also backed up his claim by using supporting statistics surrounding fast food and obesity in America over the years. Ames’s essay on the other hand used no statistics. He based his entire essay on personal opinion. His frequent use of the word â€Å"I† also made the essay less effective. Overall, Richard Daynard had a much more objective argument about fast food than R. A. Ames. Daynard used specific statistics, and facts about the fast food industry, and he kept himself out of the article for the most part. Daynard was very effective in making me believe his argument. Another essay I have compared R. A. Ames is with Rahul K. Parikh’s â€Å"Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of Fats Kid† . Both of these essays had strong opinions concerning who is to blame regarding obesity in America. The â€Å"Fast Food Isn’t to Blame† was more persuasive I thought because it placed the blame for the obesity problem on the individual person and what he/she put into their bodies not on the fast food industries. According to R. A. Ames, â€Å"Americans tend to drive to Burger King and order a Double Whopper with Cheese with a King size fries instead of driving to a supermarket and pick up some turkey and whole wheat bread† (326). They are obese because they make a choice to eat fast food themselves, not because fast food chains force them to stop by their restaurants to eat their food. Ames went on to say that instead of people taking responsibility for being obese they are blaming the fast food industry. Ames compared obesity to smoking. He made this comparison because both can be deadly and that in the end â€Å"you still have to put the cigarette in your mouth the same way you put a candy bar. After this Ames said that in the â€Å"land of the free† we are able to make our own decisions but with this freedom we as people have to be responsible for our decisions. Rahul Parikh said in his essay that â€Å"Parents need to take charge of what foods they’re buying and how they’re preparing those foods† (1). This statement is suggesting that instead of blaming fast food companies parents should control their children’s food buying habits. They should limit their television hours where they see all those advertisements that attract them to eat fast foods. Rahul said that companies use superstars, action heroes, cartoons to promote their products in the market that attracts people and mainly children’s. Rahul compared child advertisement to obesity and suggested that today children will see 40,000 advertisements in a year. In this huge number of advertisements, two third of those are for junk and fast food. Ames and Rahul were both arguing that it is our individual choices to eat fast food, so we should not blame companies who provide them. In our society, we are always looking for someone or something to blame for our problems. We seem to want to avoid taking responsibility for our actions and their consequences. Overall obesity has nothing to do with the fast food industry and genetics, but rather the choices. People should be encouraged to take personal responsibility for their actions and realize what they put into their mouths, and that how much exercise they do contributes to their health and well-being. When overweight people admit that they cause their own obesity, they can swiftly move away from being obese and recognize a healthy lifestyle. While in R. A. Ames â€Å"The Food Isn’t to Blame† and Richard Daynard â€Å"You Want Fries with That? † use different themes of blaming fast companies and individual decisions to underscore the effects of fast of food on America, One other hand Rahul K. Parikh â€Å" Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of Fats Kid† has same theme has R. A. Ames essay, he blamed advertisements for America’s Obesity. I have discussed the Ame’s essay with my friends and family. Most of them are agreed with the essay but there were also some people who were disagreed. I eat very precisely, before eating anything I check calories and fat of the product I am going to eat.

Overview of the Solar Panel Industry

Global Business Operations Solar Panel Industry Student Name: student Number: Introduction The solar panel industry is a niche market dominated by a small number of large firms. Five out of the top ten biggest players In the Industry are Chinese firms. Solar panels capture sunlight and convert It Into electricity, In one of two forms; industry, due to the large market share dominated by a small number of players, furthermore, the solar panel industry not only cooperates with, but also competes with other industries such as power production and component manufacturing industries.The Solar Panel Industry The Shape of the Solar Panel Industry With five out of the biggest solar panel producers worldwide being Chinese, it is no surprise that 45% of solar panel production across the globe is by Chinese firms. The solar panel industry is the fastest growing power technology in the world, with reported yearly increases in capacity of 50%. Consisting of mainly 10 firms, the industry isn't lar ge in terms of suppliers, however, the combined revenues of these 10 firms account for $21. Ban, thus the industry is large in revenue as well as production. Growth & Global Presence The growth of the solar panel industry is fairly new, beginning in the early sass's, thus the industry is not only dominated by a few large players, but it is also maintaining its volume position as it is not going through consolidation and turning into a fragmented industry; the large firms are still growing. Competition within the industry is tight, especially since all major firms have a global presence.Any large firm involved in solar panel production without a global presence is sure to be overtaken by competitors. Product Variety & Core Business Solar panels are generally a very homogeneous product, all firms that produce them apply essentially the same product with minor variations, this makes it even more difficult to develop a true competitive advantage within the industry. The industry is main ly based on business-to-business sales; power production firms order solar panels from the producers.Other revenue streams come from foreign solar panel retailers purchasing small orders and distributing them to private buyers such as homes or offices. Innovation, R&D, and Demand conditions In order to develop and maintain a competitive advantage within the solar panel industry, it is paramount to invest in innovating and research & development. As it stands, the industry remains very linear in terms of product innovation; investments are heavy however no new technologies have yet been discovered or implemented.Since its inception, the technology implemented within solar panels has definitely increased, however there have been no significant breakthroughs that would fairly stable; prices have been more or less constant and competition tight but not extensive as the players aren't many. The industry took a blow in 2007 following the global crisis, however it recovered in 2010 and has been growing more than ever at an unprecedented pace.Vertical Integration & Production Process The Chinese firms mainly adopt vertical integration from the raw materials to the finished product, whereas USA and Japanese firms, which are the other big players, tend to outsource some production as well as import components from suppliers such as Busch. This difference arises due to the costs involved in producing and assembling solar panels; in China, availability of resources is very high, as well as cheap labor and land, thus incurring less costs, hence why Chinese firms prefer to vertically integrate their production process.Whereas for American and Japanese firms, cheap labor and production space is not available, thus it is more cost effective to outsource production and import components. Vertical integration itself is not a fully efficient way of production in the long run, as demonstrated by the automotive industry in the early 20th century. Ford adopted a full vertical integ ration production process, and while for years it remained the market leader in the USA, eventually Toyota adopted a Just-in-time production process and overtook Ford in USA market share.This is mainly due to the incurred sots of vertical integration; at an early stage of an industry as a whole, vertical integration is cheaper, however as an industry and its accompanying technologies advance, third-party firms enter niche markets of component production and it eventually becomes cheaper to outsource most of the production process. Economies of Scale The biggest advantages to the large solar panel producers arise due to their economies of scale. With a huge production capacity and an efficient supply chain, every step of the value chain from production to delivery becomes much cheaper per unit.Economies of scale acquired by solar panel producers are down to their rapid growth mainly due to their early entry into the market. There are no physical barriers to entering the solar panel i ndustry; governments actually subsidize firms who get involved in renewable energies through tax exemptions and monetary aid. However, the barriers to entry are known as ‘natural barriers', meaning that the barriers to entry that do exist are not due to regulation, but rather to the strength and size of the competitors, which in turn relates to their economies of scale which allow them to sustain production at such high capacity and cost efficiency.Value Chain Configuration Sunsets is Chinese solar panel producer, up to 2010 it was the world market leader in the solar panel industry, today it has gone down to be the 5th biggest firm. After a series of financial troubles related to defaulting on US government bonds in 2011, the firm has reported revenues of $3. 1 ban and net loss of $1 Ban (2011). Sunsets was founded in 2001 and went public on the New York Stock Exchange in 2005, share price dropped 40% following its first default on government bonds.The following diagram shows Sentence's value chain process, which will be explained in more detail underneath the diagram: The first segment of the value chain is inbound logistics, since Sunsets is a vertically integrated firm, it produces its own components which are later used in the production of solar panels. The next part of the value chain is operations; this part is the most important in Sentence's value chain as it is where production takes place. The core business of Sunsets is the production of solar panels, without an impeccable product they would quickly cease to be one of the market leaders.The third step shown in the diagram is outbound logistics, this involves Sunsets distributing the finished product to its customers. Supply chain management is very important, especially since Sunsets is vertically integrated, they have their own distribution channels rather than outsourcing them, thus their customers must receive their products on time and in good condition. Marketing and sales isn't such an integral part of the value chain, as the core revenue stream for solar panel producers is business-to-business sales rather than business-to-customer, thus jugular marketing methods are not as effective.The final step of the value chain is service, mainly involving post-sale service. Given the nature of the product, solar panels actually have an average life span of 25-30 years, thus minimal service is required, however, Sunsets focuses more on actually turning the service step into a long-term relationship with customers for repeat business and long-term contracts. Sunsets is present globally, with large volume sales to Australia, USA, China, Spain, AJAX, and Brazil, it is basically present in every continent. The main customers forSunsets and other solar panel producers are power plants and solar farms, who in turn sell on the electricity they produce with the solar panels. It is a large market with very few players as power production is one of the hardest markets to enter, with extensive barriers to entry. Sentence's overall performance is dubious. On the one hand, it lead the market for many years due to its excellent quality and reputation in production, and on the other hand, it crashed due to mismanagement of resources and financial troubles.In terms of cost efficiency, Sentence's vertical integration is seemingly flawless as the hole production process is streamlined and very well coordinated, thus the conclusion in terms of performance is that operationally Sunsets is performing exceptionally well, however administratively it is performing horribly and is definitely behind its competitors. Out of the top 10 dominating firms, only two firms are running at a loss, one of which is Sunsets. Recommendations The main issue for Sunsets is mismanagement of funds, thus the main recommendations would be to change the CEO, which has actually been done.

Essay Sample on the Dichotomy of Estrogen

Essay Sample on the Dichotomy of Estrogen Hormone replacement therapy has attracted a lot of attention over the past few years. A combination of progestin and estrogen therapy was  believed to reduce dementia and stroke, and other risks associated with aging such as heart attacks.   A 2002 report on preliminary outcomes from the Women’s Health Initiative changed this  belief (Fletcher and Colditz). This report included data from 16,000 post-menopausal women collected at various sites throughout the US.   The authors concluded that hormone combination therapy increased the risk of heart attack, stroke, cancer, and blood clots and had numerous ramifications in the medical community.   Estrogen therapy alone continued to be studied, but was also found to carry significant risks to health including increased risk of dementia and  stroke (Anderson et al.).   The biological   mechanisms behind these finding are still unclear, however there is some evidence that estrogen has varying effects across the lifespa n in females. Estrogen can be neuroprotective in the brain by reducing the size of infarct and neuronal death after stroke in animal models (Jover et al.; Rau et al.).   This is generally studied in healthy, young animals and not aged animals; which may partially account for the discrepancies between findings in animals and humans.   It is unknown if the neuroprotective effects of estrogen are mediated through cells in the brain, such as microglia, or immune cells in the periphery, such as leukocytes. A recent report(Johnson and Sohrabji) sought to determine if   estrogen dampens inflammation by reducing the immune response in peripheral immune cells and/or brain derived cells (microglia) from young and old female rats. The authors used two groups of rats: young adult females (four months) and reproductively senescent females (13-16 months). Ovaries were removed and replaced with pellets secreting estradiol resulting in physiological levels of circulating estrogen. Microglia from the brain and blood cells were removed and cultured separately in the lab to asses the effects of immune stimulation in each cell population. Immune activation was induced through administration of Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and the amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines (immune signaling molecules) were measured. Johnson Sohrabji found that estrogen could not attenuate the immune response in microglia in either age group.   However, estrogen could attenuate the peripheral immune response in young females, but increased cytokine production from peripheral immune cells in aged females. The authors also report that this effect is only found after chronic pretreatment, and mention unpublished results suggesting that acute estrogen treatment after inflammation has no effect. What does this mean in terms of hormone replacement therapy? These findings suggest that estrogen is neuroprotective in young females, and that estrogen restrains neural inflammation through suppression of circulating immune cells in the periphery. In humans, immune cells from post-menopausal women secrete higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines than pre-menopausal women (Schurman et al.). These results suggest that when estrogens are given to older women, they are likely to increase pro-inflammatory cytokines, which could potentially increase neurodegenerative events in the brain. A separate report has shown that cognitive impairment in the elderly are associated with higher amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Yaffe et al.).   In summary, it is clear that estrogen replacement therapy has benefits in young females, but these same benefits may not occur in aged females. This is a sample Biology essay written from scratch by one of our academic writers. If you want to order a custom essay, term paper, research paper, thesis/dissertation on any topic contact our company to get professional academic writing help.

Coffee Cup and Bomb Calorimetry

Coffee Cup and Bomb Calorimetry A calorimeter is a device used to measure the quantity of heat flow in a chemical reaction. Two of the most common types of calorimeters are the coffee cup calorimeter and the bomb calorimeter. Coffee Cup Calorimeter A coffee cup calorimeter is essentially a polystyrene (Styrofoam) cup with a lid. The cup is partially filled with a known volume of water and a thermometer is inserted through the lid of the cup so that its bulb is below the water surface. When a chemical reaction occurs in the coffee cup calorimeter, the heat of the reaction is absorbed by the water. The change in water temperature is used to calculate the amount of heat that has been absorbed (used to make products, so water temperature decreases) or evolved (lost to the water, so its temperature increases) in the reaction. Heat flow is calculated using the relation: q (specific heat) x m x Δt Where q is heat flow, m is mass in grams, and Δt is the change in temperature. The specific heat is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance 1 degree Celsius. The specific heat of water is 4.18 J/(g ·Ã‚ °C). For example, consider a chemical reaction that occurs in 200 grams of water with an initial temperature of 25.0 C. The reaction is allowed to proceed in the coffee cup calorimeter. As a result of the reaction, the temperature of the water changes to 31.0 C. The heat flow is calculated: qwater 4.18 J/(g ·Ã‚ °C) x 200 g x (31.0 C - 25.0 C) qwater 5.0 x 103 J The products of the reaction evolved 5,000 J of heat, which was lost to the water. The enthalpy change, ΔH, for the reaction is equal in magnitude but opposite in sign to the heat flow for the water: ΔHreaction -(qwater) Recall that for an exothermic reaction, ΔH 0, qwater is positive. The water absorbs heat from the reaction and an increase in temperature is seen. For an endothermic reaction, ΔH 0, qwater is negative. The water supplies heat for the reaction and a decrease in temperature is seen. Bomb Calorimeter A coffee cup calorimeter is great for measuring heat flow in a solution, but it cant be used for reactions that involve gases since they would escape from the cup. The coffee cup calorimeter cant be used for high-temperature reactions, either, because they would melt the cup. A bomb calorimeter is used to measure heat flows for gases and ​high-temperature reactions. A bomb calorimeter works in the same manner as a coffee cup calorimeter, with one big difference: In a coffee cup calorimeter, the reaction takes place in the water, while in a bomb calorimeter, the reaction takes place in a sealed metal container, which is placed in the water in an insulated container. Heat flow from the reaction crosses the walls of the sealed container to the water. The temperature difference of the water is measured, just as it was for a coffee cup calorimeter. Analysis of the heat flow is a bit more complex than it was for the coffee cup calorimeter because the heat flow into the metal parts of the calorimeter must be taken into account: qreaction - (qwater qbomb) where qwater 4.18 J/(g ·Ã‚ °C) x mwater x Δt The bomb has a fixed mass and specific heat. The mass of the bomb multiplied by its specific heat is sometimes termed the calorimeter constant, denoted by the symbol C with units of joules per degree Celsius. The calorimeter constant is determined experimentally and will vary from one calorimeter to the next. The heat flow of the bomb is: qbomb C x Δt Once the calorimeter constant is known, calculating heat flow is a simple matter. The pressure within a bomb calorimeter often changes during a reaction, so the heat flow may not be equal in magnitude to the enthalpy change.

Innovative Policies Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Innovative Policies - Case Study Example Samsung considers creativity as the germ of innovation and in the process invests in a broad range of programs and initiatives that boost creative spirit as well as the autonomy of their employees across the corporation (Mahlich & Pascha, 2012). Samsung Electronics is subdivided into 10 business divisions that comprise of 3 major subdivisions; Consumer Electronics (CE), IT and Mobile Communications (IM) and Device Solutions (DS).The Consumer Electronics (CE) business comprise of Visual Display Business made up of TVs, Home Theater, Monitor, Sound bar and Set-top box. Secondly, the Digital Appliance Business made up of Washing machine, Refrigerator, Air conditioner, Smart Oven and Air Purifier .Thirdly is the Printing Solution Business made up of Malfunction Printer (MFP) and Printer. The last segment of this business is the Health and Medical Equipment Business that comprise of Digital X-ray as well as in-Vitro diagnostics (Robbins, et al, 2014). The second business segment consists of IT and Mobile Communication (IM) made up of the Mobile Communications Business and include Mobile Communications Business that comprise of Smartphone, Tablet PC ,Wearable devices and Notebook PC. The second subdivision is that of Network Business which consists of WiMAX, W/CDMA solution and LTE solution. The last segment in this subdivision is Media Solution Center comprising of Samsung Apps, Group Play, ChatON and WatchOn. The final business subdivision is Device Solutions which comprises firstly of Memory Business made up of DRAM, SSD, eMCP and NAND Flash. Secondly is the System LSI Business comprising of Mobile Ap, CMOS image sensor and Foundry. The last segment in this subdivision is LED business which consists of LED packages for TV and IT products, LED lighting packages and LED packages for automotive lighting. The consumer electronics segment of Samsung has